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Families of service members are fighting to keep their schools diverse and open.
Children of service members are fighting against the Trump administration's moves attacking books, Black history and LGBTQ+ students.
The top-performing, globally most diverse American school system is the subject of a lawsuit alleging that the Trump administration violated students’ First Amendment rights. Twelve students from military families stationed across four countries have filed a federal complaint accusing the U.S. Department of Defense Education Activity of censoring books, gutting inclusive curricula, and banning cultural history events—all in service of what they describe as a political agenda imposed by the Trump administration.
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Students at military bases have been staging protests and walkouts at schools around the world to voice their opposition to the changes in a school environment that previously allowed all students to thrive.
The suit, filed Tuesday in U.S. District Court in the Eastern District of Virginia, alleges that recent executive orders signed by President Donald Trump have triggered widespread First Amendment violations within the DoDEA school system, which serves more than 67,000 children of active-duty military personnel.
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The American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU of Virginia, and the ACLU of Kentucky brought the legal action on behalf of 12 students from six families. These students from pre-K to 11th grade attend DoDEA schools in Virginia, Kentucky, Italy, and Japan. According to the complaint, their schools have “quarantined” books, scrubbed curriculum references to race and gender, canceled Black History and Pride Month events, and prohibited discussions of “gender ideology” under directives from three Trump executive orders signed in January.
Despite being largely invisible to the broader public, DoDEA is one of the highest-achieving public education systems in the United States. It spans 161 schools across seven U.S. states, 11 countries, Guam, and Puerto Rico, educating the children of service members and Department of Defense civilian personnel. It is also one of the nation’s most racially diverse school systems.
In January, DoDEA again led the nation on the 2024 National Assessment of Educational Progress, known as the Nation’s Report Card. DoDEA fourth and eighth-graders scored up to 25 points higher than the national public school average in reading and math. press release.
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“These schools are some of the most diverse and high-achieving in the nation,” said Emerson Sykes, senior staff attorney with the ACLU’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project. “It is particularly insulting to strip their shelves of diverse books and erase women, LGBTQ people, and people of color from the curriculum to serve a political goal. Our clients deserve better, and the First Amendment demands it.”
The ACLU’s complaint details how DoDEA officials, acting under Trump’s executive orders, ordered staff to pull books referencing race, gender identity, or “discriminatory equity ideology” and relocate them to inaccessible “professional collections.” Some school libraries were temporarily shut down during the purge.
Among the books reportedly removed: The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, A Queer History of the United States by Michael Bronski, The Antiracist Kid by Tiffany Jewell, and even Hillbilly Elegy by Vice President JD Vance. The administration also targeted picture books like Julian Is a Mermaid and Julianne Moore’s Freckleface Strawberry.
In addition, schools canceled entire chapters from health classes on puberty, reproduction, consent, and STDs. The Trump administration stripped the AP Psychology curriculum of its unit on gender and sex—even though the material still appears on the national exam. Students say they are now unprepared for college-level testing.
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“By quarantining library books and whitewashing curricula in its civilian schools, the Department of Defense Education Activity is violating students’ First Amendment rights,” said Matt Callahan, senior supervising attorney at the ACLU of Virginia. “The government can’t scrub references to race and gender from public school libraries and classrooms just because the Trump administration doesn’t like certain viewpoints on those topics.”
The administration’s reach has gone beyond textbooks and into school culture. According to the ACLU, the Defense Department has banned official recognition of Black History Month, Pride Month, Women’s History Month, and other cultural observances. Even student yearbooks have been scrutinized, with new rules prohibiting any “visual depictions, written content, or editorial choices” that could be construed as promoting “gender ideology.” In other words, trans and nonbinary kids of military service members don’t exist and cannot be celebrated in their previously supportive school environment.
“Our clients have a right to receive an education that includes an open and honest dialogue about America’s history,” said Corey Shapiro, legal director of the ACLU of Kentucky. “Censoring books and canceling assignments about the contributions of Black Americans is not only wrong, but antithetical to our First Amendment rights.”
The suit names Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth and DoDEA Director Beth Schiavino-Narvaez in their official capacities. Students are seeking a permanent injunction blocking the enforcement of school executive orders and a court order to restore removed books and curricula.
“Students in DoDEA schools, though they are members of military families, have the same First Amendment rights as all students,” said Sykes. “Like everyone else, they deserve classrooms where they are free to read, speak, and learn about themselves, their neighbors, and the world around them.”
The lawsuit comes as the ACLU fights on multiple fronts to defend civil liberties under the Trump administration, including challenges to immigration policies, attacks on reproductive rights, and free speech crackdowns.
